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https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5567-9336
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2393-2228
Las transformaciones socioculturales de las últimas décadas han dado pie a modelos familiares diversos, entre ellos las familias homoparentales. Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar las dinámicas familiares de familias homoparentales, explorando sus prácticas educativas, vínculos afectivos y el impacto en el ajuste emocional, conductual y social de los hijos e hijas. Para ello, se realizó una revisión sistemática en conformidad con la declaración PRISMA 2020. Se analizaron 17 estudios empíricos, de carácter cuantitativo, cualitativo y mixto, publicados en revistas indexadas en Scopus, Web of Science o ProQuest. Los resultados muestran una prevalencia de estilos parentales democráticos, caracterizados por una alta implicación emocional, corresponsabilidad en las tareas de cuidado y el uso del diálogo como principal estrategia educativa. Se observa también una crianza centrada en el bienestar infantil, libre de estereotipos de género. Aunque las relaciones con el entorno educativo y social tienden a ser colaborativas, persisten tensiones ligadas a marcos normativos y culturales aún marcados por la heteronormatividad. La mayoría de los estudios concluyen que hijas e hijos de familias homoparentales presentan un ajuste psicológico y social saludable, similar al observado en familias heterosexuales. En conclusión, la orientación sexual de las figuras parentales no supone un riesgo para el desarrollo infantil. Las familias homoparentales se consolidan como entornos de crianza válidos y competentes. No obstante, se identifican carencias en la literatura, como la escasez de estudios longitudinales y la limitada voz de los hijos e hijas, lo que apunta a la necesidad de investigaciones más inclusivas y contextualizadas.
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2025-04-15
Actualización de la versión de la plataforma
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