Número del Artículo
Vol. 1 Núm. 1 (2018)
ISSN: 2605-5295
Publicado: 2018-10-20
Introducción: la autoestima puede ser una variable mediadora en el éxito de los procesos de rehabilitación en esquizofrenia. Algunos autores recomiendan el uso de escalas que diferencien entre las dimensiones positiva y negativa de la autoestima, como la Self-Esteem Rating Scale (SERS). El presente estudio pretende validar en español la forma abreviada de esta escala (SERS-SF). Método: el estudio se llevó a cabo con 370 participantes, 328 sujetos control y 42 pertenecientes a un grupo clínico (diagnóstico de esquizofrenia). Se analizó la existencia de dos dimensiones de la autoestima mediante un análisis factorial confirmatorio, y se calcularon la fiabilidad test-retest, la validez de criterio y la consistencia interna para cada dimensión. También se estudiaron las relaciones entre autoestima y variables sociodemográficas en ambas muestras, así como con la sintomatología en el grupo clínico. Por último, se comparó el nivel de autoestima entre ambos grupos. Resultados: la adaptación al español de la SERS-SF mostró buenas propiedades psicométricas en ambas muestras. No se obtuvieron relaciones significativas con ninguna variable sociodemográfica. En el grupo clínico, la dimensión positiva de la autoestima se relacionó con los síntomas de ideas de grandeza, conciencia de enfermedad y depresión. La comparación entre sujetos control y clínicos mostró que éstos tenían peor autoestima, aunque en un alto porcentaje estaba dentro de valores normalizados. Discusión: estos resultados permiten concluir que la versión en español de la SERS-SF es una prueba adecuada para valorar de manera diferenciada las dimensiones positiva y negativa de la autoestima.
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